The emerging global super power of those days:
Almost all of the Arabia, nearby Europe and Asia were experiencing a sea change by the spread of the message of Islam. The erstwhile superpowers Persia and the Byzantine empire could not accept this positive global change.
Some of the rulers of these empires threatened to attack Medina. Without wasting time as it was demand of time the holy prophet Muhmmad
(P.B.U.H.) dispatched a small army to defend the Northern border of Arabia.
The last Sermon:
The Last Sermon is also known as the Farewell Sermon or Khuṭbatul Widā
and Prophet's Final Sermon. It was delivered by the holy prophet Muhammad (pbuh) on 9 Dhu al-Hijjah, 10 AH (632 C.E.) in the Uranah valley of Mount Arafat (in Mecca, seventy-two days before his death, at the end of his (pbuh) final pilgrimage. This Sermon is mentioned in almost all books of Hadith. Sahih Al-Bukhari refers to the sermon: After praising, and thanking God, the holy Prophet Muhammad (PBUH)
addressed his companions (R.A.) in the following manner:
“O People, lend me an attentive ear, for I know not whether after this year, I shall ever be amongst you again.
Therefore, listen to what I am saying to you very carefully and take these words to those who could not be present here today.
O People, just as you regard this month, this day, and this city as Sacred, so regard the life and property of every Muslim as a sacred trust. Return the goods entrusted to you to their rightful owners. Hurt no one so that no one may hurt you.
Remember that you will indeed meet your Lord, and that He will indeed reckon your deeds. God has
forbidden you to take usury (interest), therefore all interest obligation shall henceforth be waived.
Your capital, however, is yours to keep. You will neither inflict nor suffer any inequity. God has Judged that there shall be no interest, and that all the interest due to Abbas ibn Abd’al Muttalib shall henceforth be waived.
Beware of Satan, for the safety of your religion. He has lost all hope that he will ever be able to lead you astray in big things, so beware of following him in small things.
O People, it is true that you have certain rights with regard to your women, but they also have rights over you. Remember that you have taken them as your wives only under a trust from God and with His permission. If they abide by your right then to them belongs the right to be fed and clothed in kindness. Do treat your women well and be kind to them for they are your partners and committed helpers.
And it is your right that they do not make friends with any one of whom you do not approve, as well as never to be unchaste.
O People, listen to me in earnest, worship God, perform your five daily prayers, fast during the month of Ramadan, and offer Zakat. Perform Hajj if you have the means.
All mankind is from Adam and Eve.
An Arab has no superiority over a non-Arab, nor does a non-Arab have any superiority over an Arab; white has no superiority over black, nor does a black have any superiority over white; [none have superiority over another] except by piety and good action. Learn that every Muslim is a brother to every Muslim and that the Muslims constitute one brotherhood.
Nothing shall be legitimate to a Muslim which belongs to a fellow Muslim unless it was given freely and willingly. Do not, therefore, do injustice to yourselves.
Remember, one day you will appear before God and answer for your deeds. So beware, do not stray from the path of righteousness after I am gone.
O People, no prophet or apostle will come after me, and no new faith will be born. Reason well, therefore, O
people, and understand words which I convey to you. I leave behind me two things, the Quran and my example, the Sunnah, and if you follow these you will never go astray.
All those who listen to me shall pass on my words to others and those to others again; and it may be that the last ones understand my words better than those who listen to me directly.
Be my witness, O God, that I have conveyed your message to your people.”
Near the Arafat the moment he (PBUH) completed his last sermon the final revelation from Allah (SWT) arrived to him. It was contining this verse or Ayat of the holy Qur’an :
“…This day have I perfected your religion for you, completed My Grace upon you, and have chosen Islam for you as your religion…” (Quran 5:3) Even in todays modern era this sermon is communicated to all the Muslims throughout the world.
During address of Friday prayers also this sermon is read by the Imam in front of the audience.
Later life:
During the remaining life of the holy prophet Muhmmad (P.B.U.H.) most of the battles had to be fought on the Northern border of the country. He (P.B.U.H.) never kept a regular and organized full time army.
Whenever the need for an army arose he (pbuh) used to gather Muslims for discussing the threatening situation.
As per the need people themselves volunteered to take part in the battle as warriors.
In the year of 632 (C.E.) the holy prophets Muhmmad (PBUH)
performed his last pilgrimage of the Hajj. Along with him (PBUH)
approximately one hundred and twenty thousand men and women i.e.
Companions (R.A.) performed the pilgrimage of Hajj.
During this last pilgrimage the holy prophet Muhmmad (PBUH) received his last revelation from Allah (SWT).
During this last Hajj only he delivered his last sermon to Muslims.
Left for Heavenly abode:
Just after two months of this Hajj the holy prophet Muhmmad (P.B.U.H.) fell ill for few days and during this illness only he left for the heavenly abode. It was on the day of Monday the 12th date of Muslim month of Rabi al Awwal. It was eleven years after the event of migration to Medina or Hijra.
His (PBUH) holy tomb:
The holy tomb of the holy prophet Muhmmad (P.B.U.H.) is known as Mazar-e-Aqdas by Muslims. He
(P.B.U.H.) is buried on the same place where he (P.B.U.H.) died.
In short:
He was born on the 22nd April 571
C.E. at 4:45 A.M. in the city of Mecca, Saudi Arabia. He lived for 22330 days on this this earth.
During the day he used to work as a Diplomate, Head of the state, Commander in chief of an army, Chief Judge, Peace maker between various clans and tribes, Guide and teacher of Islam, last but not the least a husband and father.
He used to devote his nights to Allah (S.W.T.) regularly. Upto one third to two thirds of his night he used to spend in praying Allah (S.W.T.).
Wealth and Assets he (PBUH) had: Even when he (P.B.U.H.) was almost like a king of Arabia the regional superpower the holy prophet
Muhmmad (P.B.U.H.)’s possessions were a blanket, jugs, few worn torn mats and some few simple things. As inheritance he left nothing but a white mule which was gifted to him by Muqawqis of Egypt, few weapons and a piece of land which he had gifted during his life time.
His Last words: