The First Dark Step Downward
Rise Of American Business
The Northern sector of the nation gradually began to see a rise in production following the Civil War, especially noted in the rise of the huge mega-monopolies such as the one owned by Andrew Carnegie and the steel industry. There was also the development of the assembly line, which not only increased production, but made it more efficient to engage.
People were happy to pursue the work when it could be found, since the nation had been engulfed in an economic collapse that lasted from 1873 until 1879, basically covering the US and Europe, where it lasted even longer. In Britain it appears to have stagnated the economy for two decades, being titled “The Great Depression” until events in the 1930s took precedence. While this author feels that the depression was due primarily to the natural flow of economies in general, with the exceeding low rate of funds remaining inside the National Bank in the US, more than likely the depression was caused or exacerbated by the President at the National Bank attempting to print his way out of the situation. Since there was no check to demand that any issued bank notes be backed in gold or silver, more than likely the market was flooded with notes in hopes that the gradually rising corporate mega businesses would invest, produce and consequently give value in the notes. Still, the unsteady flow in the economy tended to keep the general feeling about real progress questionable.
One quick glance in the official history betrays the suspicion that money was being printed up to the advantage of an elitist few, since the specific notation of corporate railroad over speculation is noted as being one of the major causes. We would anticipate this possibility even without reading the note, being that Federal land in the West could and was being purchased in bulk by RR companies, and building projects financed. Around these RR depots businesses sprang up and towns grew. Other causes are listed as being due to economic dislocation from the Franco-Prussian war, and massive property losses from the Chicago and Boston fires of 1871 and 1872.
The Panic Of 1874
While some mega-businesses did make gains at the top gradually, the financial situation appeared to teeter. With the coming of 1880 things began to feel as if they were calming, and a period of gradually increasing prosperity felt as if it might return for the next four years. Something went wrong somewhere along the way, however. What this author feels from reading the official history at this point is that both periods of economic collapse were more than likely caused by outright corruption from the same dark cartel who could print non-backed notes or bonds to finance corporate construction projects, railroads in particular. Such levels of corruption with no check in place to regulate them caused two huge Wall Street firms to collapse; Grant And Ward, and Marine National Bank Of New York. The failure of these two firms caused a domino effect, where a multitude of firms fell.
Other causes of the collapse also stemming from corruption were acts of embezzlement, such as the situation of James C Eno who stole over three million dollars and fled to Canada. Even though the bank eventually replenished the missing amount, still the fact of it happening did not do much to assist any new blossoming confidence levels of the system at large or in Wall Street. As has been noted, business did seem to gradually profit at the top end, but the economy reeled due to a number of causes, including the flagrant corruption that we would have anticipated. As far as this author is concerned there appears to have been a series of depression that followed the Civil War, the true cause he attributes to Lincoln's intense obsessive effort to destroy the plebeian individual enterprise economy, and the fact that he literally threw every resource that the nation had in his effort to quash plebeian independence.
The Depression Of 1893
Certain sources tell us that the Panic Of 1893 actually began in Argentina. This apparent fact betray the international aspect of business and banking by the time of this situation. As we shall recall, by 1857 American business and banking had already assumed an international aspect, leading to negative cooperation seeking to manipulate the system at large, in favor of an elitist few.
The situation on the ground appears to have began by an encouragement to invest by the banking firm, Baring Brothers in Argentina, which was an English merchant bank based in London. It was founded in 1762 and owned by the German banking family, Baring, who were merchants and money lenders. A failure of the Argentine wheat crop and a coup on Buenos Aires, ended further investments. Europeans from other areas, began a run on gold in the US treasury, since all that they had to do was to cash in their dollar investments for exportable gold. In spite of the tough economy, during the 1870's and 1880's the US had experienced some growth, {138} but it was primarily due to high international commodity prices; thus the suggestion in this is that the growth factor primarily came in the form of bank purchased stock options in commodities or corporate executive stock option investments in commodities.
There again, the primary economic beneficiaries of the time period following the Civil War in the US and maybe even throughout the western world, were the international banking and corporate aristocratic elitist at the top of the system. The people on the ground primarily appear to have been dealing with a collapsed economy. Proof of this claim arrives in the notation that just thirteen days prior to the inauguration of President Grover Cleveland, receivers {139} from the Philadelphia And Reading Railroad {140} were appointed, which had greatly overextended itself through investments of non-gold backed bank notes into property development contracts. Without a doubt, this company was most certainly not the only one, as we shall recall from our section on the Morrill Tarriff and extension funds for what amounted to straw-man investments that came out of it.
As concern for the state of the economy worsened, a mass run on the banks came about as people on the ground rushed in to withdraw their hard earned funds. This run was followed up by a credit crunch, causing foreign investors to sell American stocks to obtain American funds backed by gold. The result was that 500 banks closed, 15000 businesses failed and numerous farms ceased operation. The unemployment rate was 35% in New York State, and 43% in the State of Michigan, making this collapse even worse than the one in 1929. Soup kitchens opened up to feed the starving hoards. People did anything available just to feed their families. Large numbers of women resorted to prostitution, as reported by the records of the day. 19% of the American workforce remained unemployed. When the banks failed, people lost their life savings. Many people could not meet their mortgage obligations and simply just walked away from their homes; a scenario that sounds way too familiar to us in the present day.
The situation of the economy led to the Pullman Strike 151 and more than 1300 strikes nationwide, many of them violent confrontations between workers and authorities from Illinois, and in the coal fields of Appalachia to Idaho in response to a national strike by United Mine Workers Of America; but how else other than via protests are plebeians to secure their basic rights without enforcing checks on the potential for corruption of corporate authorities and corruption at large inside the governmental system via directly applied action in response to negative authoritarian motivations that serve to justify it when authorities refuse to lend ear in logical mediation of verifiable facts?
The point is at this place in the record, just as Jefferson had predicted so long ago before, that without checks on the currency and throughout the system at large, corruption would prevail at the expense of the plebeian people on the ground, as is evidenced by the very historical record. The plebeian people of America had no Representative body in the halls of congress calling for checks to secure the value of their currency or any of their systemic interests. In due course of time, every Constitutional right that the plebeian masses had held so dear was destined to be purloined right before their very faces, especially their rights in regard to plebeian freedom of choice. The justification for purloining plebeian liberty of deciding what was best for themselves, would be made initially via the same old appeals to emotion made already. The other justifications would be due for the euphemism of preserving quality in service and product, and for the issue of progress defined as it applies to the concerns of corporate investment or future corporate and systemic developmental ambitions.
The decline of gold reserves stored in the Treasury forced President Cleveland to borrow 65 million dollars in gold from Wall Street banker J.P. Morgan and The Rothschild Banking Family of England, who charged the US government a hefty 7 million dollar fee ( approximately 140 million dollars in today's currency value) for bailing out the US system. These notations are very important to hold in reserve, since they are not part of any “conspiracy theory,” but hard facts born from the official historical record. The analytical question to ask at at this point is who, who is going to pay this fee back when nearly every body involved is broke, practically speaking? The suggested feeling here is that plebeians may have been sold out for the unbridled excesses of government and corporations to fulfill their own greed laden aspirations? Time indeed shall reveal all hidden secrets, unto those who dare to recall and observe.
To get a feel for the time at large and the sentiment here in this work concerning corporate desires to totally dominate services, even going as far as indirectly forcing plebeian people to labor for the gain of the corporation at large, read this statement from a laborer during the Pullman Strike. The need for some sort of check on the interests of corporations may be revealed in the following notation:
A statement of the Pullman strikers, addressed to the American Railway Convention, 15 June 1894:
Rents all over the city in every quarter have fallen, in some cases to one-half. Residences, compared with which ours are hovels, can be had a few mttes away at the prices we have been contributing to make a millionaire a billionaire. What we pay $15 for in Pullman is leased for $8 in Roseland; and remember that just as no man or woman of our 4,000 toilers has ever felt the friendly pressure of George M. Pullman’s hand, so no man or woman of us all has ever owned or can ever hope to own one inch of George M. Pullman’s land. Why, even the very streets are his, . ., Water which Pullman buys from the city at 8 cents a thousand gallons he retails to us at 500 percent advance and claims he is losing $400 a month on it. Gas which sells at 75 cents per thousand feet in Hyde Park, just north of us, he sells for $2.25. When we went to tell him our grievances, he said we were all his ’children’. Pullman, both the man and the town, is an ulcer on the body politic. He owns the houses, the schoolhouses, and churches of God in the town he gave his once humble name. {141}
Another notation that interests this author is that in the 1894 elections the Republican Party excelled {142}, although we must recall that the Democratic party was basically impotent on a national level since it's supporting economic base had been destroyed by the interests of central bank and the corporation to rule the halls of Congress in the absolute. We must also remember that the Democratic Party of the period up until 1950 was not the same DP that followed. Thus, the Democratic Party following the Civil War remained more a feature at the State level, than at the national level during the late 1800's.
The depletion of funds caused by Lincoln's obsessive determination in his labor to destroy a nation that was destined to be a stronghold for plebeian economic liberty, and the ensuing economic catastrophes wrought from the inflation caused by the production of non-gold backed notes with the intention of creating an explosion in corporate investment, in combination with unchecked corruption in government and corporation at the elitist level that followed, forced congress to basically ignore politics at the State level. In the South and parts of the West and Mid-West, the dramatically weakened Democratic party still dominated and life struggled on with an unspoken intention of resurrecting the antebellum system in the South. What is interesting to note is that only two Democratic Presidents were elected during the 75 year period between the Civil War and The Great Depression. As we shall recall, during the period of Reconstruction, the Southern Democratic party largely had been exterminated. The Panic of 1893 continued until 1900, but served as a warning to plebeians in pretext to the future, both at home and abroad.
The Panic Of 1907
Starting in 1897 a gradual uptick in the economy generated a prevailing feeling of future progress looming just ahead. By 1900 economic circumstances in business above and in the lives of plebeians on the ground appeared to have stabilized. This feeling of stabilization continued for the next seven years. Technology had increased. Farm technology {143} now allowed huge landed estates to function once again, but without the necessity of slaves as in the past, as is evidenced by farms on the Mississippi delta, for example. Electricity was now becoming fairly commonplace in developed areas of the nation. The problem with this development was and is, that what is presented, sold or even forced initially as progress, bears the potential for enslaving people once they forget that it is very possible to live without it, as has been discussed earlier in volume one of this work. As it was with the native population on the reservations, when enough people are in compliance with any mandated order, the individual plebeian Constitutional freedom of choice to do otherwise eventually is purloined away from them. {144} {145} {146} {147} This abuse of authority occurring simply due to the unbridled greed and desire to extort, of both government and their corporate sponsors.
This work is not a criticism of progress, but in the words of Jefferson, what it is in criticism of is outright repression touted euphemistically as progress, by existing without hard checks in place to ensure the Constitutional liberty of choice in response from individual plebeians on the ground. History clearly demonstrates that all examples to the contrary always lead to an overt abuse of authority in due course of time; whether any sort of imposed direction be from a government authority, Federal, State or local, or any sort of government sponsored corporate based authority, where some of the greatest abuses known to the history of man have occurred in the name of maintaining a profit margin. {148} Once checks are removed, then the same has great potential to occur anywhere that masses exist as subordinates, rather than as liberated individuals. {149}
The panic was caused by Augustus Heinze , a copper magnate, and his brother trying to hold the stock so that the price could be manipulated in a company called the United Copper Company. The banks lent money to the scheme suffered a run on their funds, that later spread to other banks and banking trusts. This author suspects that maybe the lending scheme included the banks who were hoping to benefit either way. {150}When the scheme failed, the collapse of New York City's third largest banking trust, The Knickerbocker Trust Company. Regional banks then withdrew funds from New York City banks. The result was that the New York Stock exchange fell by 50%!
An interesting notation is made when we observe exactly whom it was that came to the banking system's rescue. Wall Street Banker J.P. Morgan pledged large sums of his own personal money, obviously hedging a bet on the economy moving back up and being able to earn some high end interest rates in the process. He also convinced other New York bankers to do the same thing, for the same reason. The following year, senator Nelson W Aldrich, father-in-law of John D Rockefeller Jr., established and chaired a commission to investigate the crisis and propose future solutions, eventually leading to the creation of The Federal Reserve. The suggestion of possibility in this solution is that more than likely the financial crisis was engineered for the purpose of legitimizing such a proposal in the first place. On the banking end of the crisis, the negative situation does not appear to have lasted but a few months, with the insertion of Morgan's funds. Although the information seems a bit sketchy at this point, the situation on the ground appears to have dragged on for the next two years.
The Situation Of Banking
In theory, the United States did not have an officially recognized centralized bank at the point where we now stand in this study, and had not been in possession of one since the days of Jackson vetoing the charter on the Second Bank Of The United States. By proxy, however, the United States did have a type of centralized bank, since the Federal Banks primarily located inside New York City once held all of the gold and all others petitioned for that gold, even locally operated State banks. In 1863, as we recall, State banks were liquidated by the National Banking Act, also serving to centralize US currency into a single note, rather than State issued notes. In retrospect the US possessed an unofficial centralized bank after 1863. The real problem with it was that there existed no check demanding that the face value on the bank note issued (dollars) be equal to the same amount in gold or silver; thus serving to facilitate corruption between the bank and large politically connected corporations, many of whom the same individuals running the corporation also sat in high seats of government! {151} {152} {153}
The words to describe the situation are that the system running the nation of America had corrupted into one that was corporatist in beneficial organization, rather than individualist, but not yet to the point that corporate interests virtually dictated the lives of plebeians on the ground. Such magisterial legalities seeking to manipulate individuals to their own financial detriment in flagrant disregard to the Constitution, for the positive benefit of large corporations would come about in later years; beginning under the guise of serving to correct broad hyperbolic social wrongs, while at the same time dividing the population into contentious sects; and by appealing to the self-centered sentimentality of one sect in lieu of some allegorical wrong committed in the distant winds of time long since past by another sect, a distraction in the form of tension between the sects was effectively created.
While plebeian Americans on the ground were embroiled by the appeal to emotion and their backs turned, the banking cartel motivated the US representative body who totally served their concerns while possessing no others, to serve their own interests while pretending to correct social wrongs of the past by giving gifts, and serving the interests thereof, with the scapegoat justification being those guilty of the historical allegoric wrong now forced to service a socialized system that in reality, was a prelude for the future enslavement of the entire US plebeian population. As we observed earlier, the pattern for the next phase in the conquest of plebeian America, had already been established long ago since the Presidency of Andrew Jackson, if not earlier.
Corporations were being established and slowly growing due to the continuing negative economic situations that kept reoccurring, since the national bank printed up non-gold backed bank notes to facilitate corporate investment and speculation, hoping to reestablish value to the notes in doing so, as the investment plans bore fruit. The plan appeared to be moving in a gradual positive direction, but not quickly enough to suit the tastes of political candidates seeking election or reelection from plebeian votes, among masses who increasingly felt that their concerns were being rudely ignored by the very individuals whom they had voted in, as these candidates had promised to do otherwise during the campaign run. 165 166
The first move deduced as being necessary to stabilize the situation economically was to create an {154}{155}official centralized bank for the first time since existence of the charter for the Second Bank Of The United States. The precedence had already been established in the last two economic panics that had occurred, with the families of Rothschild and J.P. Morgan making huge speculative gambles on the future of America and it's ability to generate profit; but a gamble that was virtually insured to their own gain, when it was primarily corporations owned by these families who were designed to purchase the resource base {156} allowing them to facilitate this anticipated increase of profit margin. Why not facilitate the future of National lending by these families, in a manner that renders government accessibility to funds without question {157} simply for the asking, when it's collusion in US government requests it? Why not make reception of an allotted interest payment amount guaranteed by their own self appointed collection agency and to the profit of the cartel family, concerns regarding questions of plebeian rights, Constitutional or otherwise, can simply just be damned! {158}
By their actions we may deduce that these individuals feel that they are above all laws of men; which in-fact, since the very best of lawyers may be purchased and these families held unlimited funds; then as well we must consider the fact that they virtually owned the entire US government, the above statement may stand as the supreme truth in it's absolute..,that is in most instances except one..{159}. As we proceed forward from here on out, let us never forget the ultimate libertarian commandment found in Proverbs 22:7 The rich rule over the poor, and the borrower is slave to the lender. Hence, that command being for us to forbear all debt, lest ye indenture thyself.
The word slave is still most certain to hold an impending astonishment to the mind of the average American as time continues to move forward into the future. One theme in this work is that the past, when it benefits an elitist constituency, in-fact, is not dead, since it never did die to begin with. All have been deceived into believing otherwise, however, as we discussed with vivid details near the end in volume one. Plebeians do not possess the ability to visualize past and present day facts merging together due to the powerful forces of well designed propaganda, that has been hammered relentlessly into developing minds by the State sponsored public school system, 171 a barrage of authoritarian sanctioned text books at all levels, and the resulting majority view that any idea to the contrary constitutes some sort of negative threat. Any reader of this work who has covered volume one should hold the suppressed history of the United States in mind, right along with the sacred proverb above.
The New Clandestine Centralized Bank
While many seeking to deceive have attributed the official story to the realm of conspirator imagination, an examination of facts stand to tell us that a dramatic occurrence destined to seize the future of America and her citizens, really did take place. The chilling event conducted by some of the world's most wealthy and powerful, was fulfilled with a true plan of secrecy in mind. During the situations of economic panic discussed above, those who came to the nation's financial rescue decided to take matters into their own hands, once and for all. This fact of occurrence, as was intimated above, strongly suggests to the deductive analyst that the last two past economic panics may very well have been intentionally induced, to facilitate development of a new centralized bank.
The obvious intention was for the Federal government to be married with those whom owned the bank, but yet the bank passed off as acting on it's own independent accord. When government officials needed any type of financing, no check stood in place either in the congressional halls of government or in the new home of the lender, to argue plebeian concerns in regard to the loan being assumed. Plebeians therefore, have no method of determining what specific loans are made, how they and the nation at large would benefit, nor for what true purpose the loans would be made. The only figure plebeians are allowed to possess are in the realm of a national debt so massive, that few minds including the writer of this text, can conceive of. Such huge numbers render the figure into the realm of an abstract, seemingly justified when the rank and file plebeian views no rift in the course of his daily life.
“The birds still sing and the cash registers ring. People still go out to eat and jump inside the pool to beat the heat, so why should I care about something I read in some book or hear on the television? What is it that I can do about anything?” {160} This general view of complacency pushed so ardently by the media {161}, bears it's own intention to deceive, however.
Enter The Next Phase Of Plebeian Conquest
It all began under a cover of darkness on November 22, 1910, in a railroad station in Hoboken, New Jersey. A delegation of the United State's leading financiers left in a sealed rail road car, with blinds drawn, on what was an obvious secret mission to a number of news paper reporters who had gathered around for the purpose of observing and hopefully, conduct an interview. The true destination was not revealed on that night and for some time later. The delegation was headed by Senator Nelson Aldrich, head of the National Monetary Commission, which President Theodore Roosevelt had just signed into law back in 1908, hoping to permanently stabilize the national economy. Aldrich had just led the member of the commission on a two year tour of Europe, casually spending some three hundred thousand dollars of tax payer's money; an interesting note to make here in lieu of facts mentioned past and much more pertinent to this body of information, those still yet to come. He had not yet made any report on the trip nor had he devised any hard plan for banking reform. {162}
Accompanying senator Aldrich at the Hoboken station were his private secretary, Sheldon; A. Piat Andrew, Assistant Secretary of the Treasury, and special Assistant of the NMC, Frank Vanderlip, President of the National City Bank Of New York, one Henry P Davison, Morgan's personal emissary and senior partner of J.P. Morgan Company, Charles P Norton, president of the First National Bank Of New York, a bank also dominated by Morgan. On the last moment before train departure, in leaped Benjamin Strong, lieutenant of J.P. Morgan, followed at the heels by Paul Warbur