HumansandtheirUniverses

This communicates to you my vision of exploring the whole universe. What if you had a plausible method (based on today's science and technology) of going anywhere you wanted in the entire universe? Wouldn't that be a radical breakthrough in exploration? I'll first summarise the steps leading up to (and beyond) exploration of all space then write a detailed essay showing how those paragraphs are consistent with the plausible nature of the universe and are therefore not science fiction.

Summary

In July 2009, electrical engineer Hong Tang and his team at Yale University in the USA demonstrated that, on silicon chip- and transistor- scales, light can attract and repel itself like electric charges/magnets (this is the “optical force”, a phenomenon that theorists first predicted in 2005 {I find this "time delay" rather confusing since James Clerk Maxwell showed that light is an electromagnetic disturbance approx. 140 years ago}). In the event of the universe having an underlying electronic foundation, it would include "silicon chip- and transistorscales” and the Optical Force would not be restricted to microscopic scales but could operate on a universal scale.

If all forms of electromagnetic radiation can attract/repel, radio waves will cause communication revolution e.g. with the Internet and mobile (cell) phones. I anticipate that there may be no more overexposure to ultraviolet or X-rays.

In agreement with the wave-particle duality of quantum mechanics, EM waves have particle-like properties (more noticeable at high frequencies) so cosmic rays (actually particles) are sometimes listed on the EM spectrum beyond its highest frequency of gamma rays.

If cosmic rays are made to repel, astronauts going to Mars or another star or galaxy would be safe from potentially deadly radiation.

 

And if all particles in the body can be made to attract or repel as necessary, doctors will have new ways of restoring patients to health.

From 1929 til his death in 1955, Einstein worked on his Unified Field Theory with the aim of uniting electromagnetism and gravitation. Future achievement of this means warps of space (gravity, according to General Relativity) between spaceships/stars could be attracted together, thereby eliminating distance.

Since Relativity says space and time can never exist separately, warps in space are actually warps in space-time. Eliminating distances in space also means “distances” between both future and past times are eliminated - and time travel becomes reality.

The universe’s underlying electronic foundation would make our cosmos into a unification if it enabled not only elimination of all distances in space and time, but also elimination of distance between the different sides of objects and particles. This last point requires the universe to not merely be a vast collection of the countless photons, electrons and other quantum particles within it; but to be a unified whole that has “particles” and “waves” built into it. The feedback of the past and future universes into the unified cosmos's electronic foundation would ensure that both past and future could not be altered.

Essay - "From the View of Physics, What Could a Gene Possibly Be?"

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Part 1 - To understand what genes are truly capable of, we'll first have to fulfill Einstein's dream and describe the universe as a Unified Field.

Like Dr. Michio Kaku in the book “Physics of the Impossible”, I believe that time travel is possible but unlike him, I don't believe in parallel universes. I hope to show that the combination of belief in time travel/disbelief in parallel universes validates string theory's faith in unification. And unlike the Doctor, who says on page 283 that “It would set off a major shake-up in the very foundations of modern physics if precognition was ever proved in reproducible experiments”, I believe the unification born from time travel/no parallel universes will one day be seen to be not merely mathematical but a literal unification of the mind with all space-time**, making the non-existence of precognition impossible.

** The line "I believe the unification born from time travel/no parallel universes will one day be seen to be not merely mathematical but a literal unification of the mind with all space-time" has no intention of denying the value of mathematics in this world. Mathematics is central to my theory (which is certainly very different but that doesn't make it crazy - as Albert Einstein said, a theory that doesn't sound absurd at first doesn't stand a chance). The intent is to suggest that the underlying foundation of this universe (and the maths used to describe and manipulate it) is in the form of the binary mathematics of 1's and 0's.

These comments are based on scientific facts and theories which, woven into a consistent philosophy using Albert Einstein's famous quote that "Imagination is more important than knowledge", show how every aspect of the world can be radically transformed forever. It starts with a proposed new view of ultimate reality which grew from 30 years of study into physics’ belief in universal unification as well as experiments in quantum mechanics which show that subatomic particles instantly share information even if physically separated by billions of light years. The conclusion is that there is absolutely no solidity or separation, as commonly understood, between any physical or nonphysical entities on Earth, in space or in time. This interesting, but not very relevant to daily routine in 2010, conclusion led to the realization that the world might be on the brink of revolutionary breakthrough in all areas of life: any and all objects which appear distant from each other are not actually separated at all. This is similar to 2 objects which appear distant from each other on a huge computer screen actually being unified by the strings of ones and zeros making up the computer code which is all in one small place (this appears, based on Einstein's equations, to be a 5th dimension - hopefully, Europe's Large Hadron Collider will verify the 5th dimension's existence). In a universal zero-separation unification; the feedback of matter, energy and force into matter, energy and force is also likely to produce distortions and corrections. Instead of microphones' highpitched screeches or control of missiles' trajectories, we could see blurring/smearing/indeterminacy in positions and velocities on all scales (subatomic, human, galactic) because, in a unification, effects cannot avoid influencing causes and because the universe consists of fractals (phenomena repeated at all magnifications, from the tiniest to the grandest). The 2 objects which appear distant from each other could be a star (along with its gravity and heat) and this world – or the genes in any two cells; or 2 atoms of thymine, cytosine or any other base in different millennia; or the opposite sides of a subatomic particle within an atom of a base.

All this sounds totally strange because separation between things seems obvious and, according to science, the quantum scale of atoms obeys different rules from the classical scale of humans and galaxies (if science is correct about this, the quantum and classical can never be unified in a literal sense). But remember that this article is based on grand ideas of Unification that began with Einstein and are best known today from Superstring Theory, as well as being based on experiments in quantum mechanics which have been confirmed time and time again. If the hypotheses in this article, though necessarily extremely incomplete, offer even the briefest glimpse of the true nature of unification and quantum mechanics; then it follows that the article is correct when it says everything will change and nothing can ever be the same. Science will be different, medicine and surgery will be different, religion will be different ... and genes will not only help our bodies to function but will be revealers of the universe and all time!

Essential to such a future is the idea of the great English writer William Shakespeare not merely being poetic or entertaining when he said in his play “Hamlet”,
“There are more things in heaven and earth, Horatio,
Than are dreamt of in your philosophy.”

A good illustration of the journey into these limitless miracles and magical experiences of the science that will create a new earth and a new universe is this line from the 1968 song “Master Jack” (by the South African band 4 Jacks and a Jill),
“It’s a strange, strange world we live in”.

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Now for a section about time travel

Particles and the universe can be regarded as closed loops of electromagnetic energy. These could be called strings or superstrings or Mobius loops * (a Mobius loop can be visualised as a strip of paper which is given a half-twist of 180 degrees before its ends are joined). Remember that the top, side and bottom of each loop each consist of a miniaturised, fractal version of electromagnetic pulses forming length, width and depth (a fractal is a geometric structure having an irregular or fragmented appearance which is of a similar character at all magnifications - the word "fractal" was coined in 1975 by French mathematician Benoit Mandelbrot). The 3 familiar dimensions of length, width and height along, for example, the top of a loop would have a 4th dimension (time) perpendicular to them (on the side of the twisted paper ... or electromagnetic loop). And there would also exist a 5th dimension called hyperspace, at right angles to the 4th and 180 degrees from the length/width/height along the loop´s top. The previous parts of this paragraph can be likened to astronomy´s picture of the 3+1 dimensions of space-time existing on the surface of a balloon which is expanding from an inner hyperspatial point (not in space-time) where the Big Bang occurred. These loops unite space and time into Einstein´s space-time; and the famous scientist Stephen Hawking says time can be thought of as another dimension, so literal time travel is a possibility. With literal time travel, people who have long since died could have their minds downloaded into reproductions of their bodies (establishing colonies throughout space and time would prevent overpopulation). Remember that a paper Mobius, like particles and the universe, is flexible - it can resemble a triangular, circular or square shape at various times; and its side and bottom may or may not be precisely 90 and 180 degrees from its top. Thus the electronic computations necessary in a time machine may not involve precise digital calculations but those of "fuzzy" neural networks.

* Why can particles and the universe be considered as Mobius loops? The 1st reason this seems possible is - all particles in the universe have a property called spin which is related to, but not identical with, the everyday concept of spin. In the case of particles of matter, according to the book "A Brief History of Time" by mathematician and physicist Stephen Hawking, this spin is said to have a fractional value of 1/2 which means they "do not look the same if one turns them through just one (complete) revolution: you have to turn them through two complete revolutions!" Similarly, you have to travel around a Mobius strip or loop twice to arrive at your starting point. The 2nd reason it seems possible is - the concept of "dark matter" would be used today to explain the increased gravitational effects caused by undetectable matter. But that undetectable matter would not be a new, unknown form of matter - it would be known particles travelling through the 4th and 5th dimensions (and therefore nonexistent in the 3 dimensions of ordinary space). While in these other dimensions, the particles known as dark matter are invisible ... but would of course still exert gravitational influence. (Physics´ string theory states this by saying "Gravity may not be confined to 3 dimensions.")

Since the universe is a unification possessing zero separation; every bit of its matter, energy and force would feed back into the computer network that is the underlying foundation of our universe and, even as the computer directs the matter/energy/forces in the universe, be simultaneously directing it, ensuring that history and the future could never be changed. Another effect of the universe being a unification having zero separation is that experiments in quantum mechanics would show that subatomic particles instantly share information even if physically separated by many light years (experiments conducted since the 1980s repeatedly confirm this strange finding). This is explicable as 2 objects or particles only appearing to be 2 things in an objective, “out there” universe. They’d actually be 1 thing in a unified, “everything is everywhere and everywhen” universe. If the universe is a hologram with each part containing information about the whole, the instant sharing of information over many light-years loses its mystery. And we’ll see that time travellers from our future could return to the time of our Big Bang and make this a computer-generated hologram in which things appear distant from each other on a huge “screen” but are also unified by the strings of ones and zeros making up the computer code which is all in one small place. And objects in the universal hologram would not only include the screens of our computers, TVs and mobile phones but every physical and nonphysical part of the universal hologram would be a receptor for the downloading of data from the Quantum Supercomputer (in other words, a “screen” for invisibly displaying data).

In July 2009, electrical engineer Hong Tang and his team at Yale University in the USA demonstrated that, on silicon chip- and transistor- scales, light can attract and repel itself like electric charges/magnets (this is the “optical force”, a phenomenon that theorists first predicted in 2005 {I find this "time delay" rather confusing since James Clerk Maxwell showed that light is an electromagnetic disturbance approx. 140 years ago}). In the event of the universe having an underlying electronic foundation, it would include "silicon chip- and transistorscales” and the Optical Force would not be restricted to microscopic scales but could operate on a universal scale.

If all forms of electromagnetic radiation can attract/repel, radio waves will cause communication revolution e.g. with the Internet and mobile (cell) phones. I anticipate that there may be no more overexposure to X-rays or ultraviolet rays: we could call this the EM (ElectroMagnetic) or electronic approach to photoprotection ... or the first step towards development of eSunscreen and eSunglasses.

In agreement with the wave-particle duality of quantum mechanics, EM waves have particle-like properties (more noticeable at high frequencies) so cosmic rays (actually particles) are sometimes listed on the EM spectrum beyond its highest frequency of gamma rays.

If cosmic rays are made to repel, astronauts going to Mars or another star or galaxy would be safe from potentially deadly radiation.

 

And if all particles in the body can be made to attract or repel as necessary, doctors will have new ways of restoring patients to health.

From 1929 til his death in 1955, Einstein worked on his Unified Field Theory with the aim of uniting electromagnetism and gravitation. Future achievement of this means warps of space (gravity, according to General Relativity) between spaceships/stars could be attracted together, thereby eliminating distance.

Since Relativity says space and time can never exist separately, warps in space are actually warps in space-time. Eliminating distances in space also means “distances” between both future and past times are eliminated - and time travel becomes reality. So if we get into a spaceship and eliminate the distance between us and a planet 700 light-years away, it'll not only be possible to arrive at the planet instantly but we'll instantly be transported 700 years into the future. On page 247 of "Physics of the Impossible" by physicist Michio Kaku (Penguin Books - 2009), it's stated "astronomers today believe that the total spin of the universe is zero". This is bad news for mathematician Kurt Godel, who in 1949 found from Einstein's equations that a spinning universe would be a time machine (p. 223 of "Physics of the Impossible"). Professor Hawking informs us that “all particles in the universe have a property called spin which is related to, but not identical with, the everyday concept of spin”. Everyday spin might be identical to Godel’s hoped-for spinning universe. We’ve previously related the property of particles called spin to the Mobius loop and have seen how each part of the universe (each particle) contains information about the whole. If the universe is a Mobius loop, the twisted nature of a Mobius strip or loop plus the fact that you have to travel around it twice to arrive at your starting point might substitute for the lack of overall spin.

Then the cosmos could still function as a time machine. We've seen how it permits travel into the future. We can journey further and further into the future by going farther and farther around the Mobius Universe. We might travel many billions of years ahead - but when we've travelled around M.U. exactly twice, we'll find ourselves back at our start i.e. we were billions of years in the future … relative to that, we’re now billions of years in the past. Travelling through space in the MU (Mobius Universe) can not only be an instant affair but it can give instant access to any point in time or hyperspace because both the universe and the particles it consists of are, as suggested above, “fractal version(s) (… a geometric structure … which is of a similar character at all magnifications ...) The 3 familiar dimensions of length, width and height along, for example, the top of a loop would have a 4th dimension (time) perpendicular to them (on the side of the twisted paper ... or electromagnetic loop). And there would also exist a 5th dimension called hyperspace, at right angles to the 4th and 180 degrees from the length/width/height along the loop´s top.” It seems appropriate now to address a question I’ve heard posed by Stephen Hawking, Michio Kaku and other scientists: Where are the tourists from our future who’ve journeyed into their past to check out our present? I can think of 3 possibilities - maybe they’ve used synthetic biology to develop ghostly, non-physical bodies … if they’re still physical, maybe they’re “dark tourists” who resemble dark matter by remaining invisible yet are capable of exerting gravitational, or other, influence. Or an even more bizarre possibility … it's possible that every person we see is ultimately from the future, though they'd be totally unaware of it. They'd be unconscious of their true place in this eternal universe since their job is to contribute, in whatever way they can, to development of the fantastic future awaiting everyone. They'd be less inclined to build the future if they had awareness of it already existing. Any limits on trips to the future or past might be overcome by travelling to other universes and linking their "eliminated distances" to those in this universe. This linkage requires all laws of physics etc. to be identical everywhere. In a so-called multiverse consisting of parallel universes where things have the potential to be slightly different, the link could be broken because we might find ourselves trying to force a square peg into a round hole. Thus, my conviction in unlimited time travel compels me to use the term "megauniverse".

The universe’s underlying electronic foundation would make our cosmos into a unification if it enabled not only elimination of all distances in space and time, but also elimination of distance between the different sides of objects and particles. This last point requires the universe to not merely be a vast collection of the countless photons, electrons and other quantum particles within it; but to be a unified whole that has particles and waves built into it, just as a computergenerated hologram (using gravity waves plus all forms of EM waves) would have seemingly separate points built into its union of digital zeros and ones (or its union of qubits – quantum binary digits). The feedback of the past and future universes into the unified cosmos's electronic foundation would ensure that both past and future could not be altered.
Our brains are part of this unification, too. So our minds have the potential to

access information many billions of light years away, or billions of years in the

 

past/in the future. They also possess the potential to manipulate things anywhere

 

on Earth, in space or in time. Unbelievable as this sounds, it’s only a natural

 

outcome of the universe we live in and has nothing to do with science fiction.

Maxwell could never have imagined the possibilities outlined above. Even Einstein lived too long ago to get more than a glimpse of them. Will the rapid advances in today’s world see these possibilities fulfilled in the lifetime of Hong Tang and his team (the engineers who demonstrated that beams of light can attract and repel each other)?

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And now for a paragraph about parallel universes

How could subatomic particles communicate instantaneously across the universe (phrased another way - how could they experience the whole universe in their existence)? The last two phenomena could be understood by stating that any particle has the same properties as the universe as a whole. Unconventional US cosmologist Max Tegmark says "You are made up of quantum particles, so if they can be in two places at once, so can you." We can say "The universe is made up of quantum particles, so if they can be in two places at once, so can the universe." There need not be any such thing as parallel universes, however (the parallel-universes, also called the many-universes or many-worlds, interpretation of quantum mechanics was developed by American physicist Hugh Everett III in 1957). The universe's being in two places simultaneously could mean it's in the same space-place as any or all of its particles. It could also be in the same timeplace as any or all of its earlier or later selves because there can be be no space without time. Jack Harris, an Applied Physicist at Yale University says quantum mechanics describes a crazy microscopic world where particles whiz around at blistering speeds and routinely violate the classical laws of physics we take for granted. Jack Harris’s goal is to take advantage of the “really strange, even mystical” laws of the microscopic and apply them to problems in our macroscopic world. “The ultimate eureka moment would be to suddenly realize that a [macroscopic] object is doing something that is absolutely forbidden by classical physics,” he says. If we look closely at the universe by not restricting it to the classical physics which preceded the quantum principle, we can comprehend how the macroscopic universe could behave quantum mechanically and violate classical physics. It´s easy to imagine all parts of the universe being in contact (and thus forming a unification) when that universe was the size of a subatomic particle, nearly 14 billion years ago. Since the universe still has the same properties as a particle (and particles obey quantum mechanics' wave-particle duality), it is still a unification (and a unified field). In 1980 or the late 1970s, American astronomer Carl Sagan (1934-1996) wrote these lines for his awardwinning television series and accompanying book, “Cosmos”: “There is an idea – strange, haunting, evocative – one of the most exquisite conjectures in science or religion. It is entirely undemonstrated; it may never be proved. But it stirs the blood. There is, we are told, an infinite hierarchy of universes, so that an elementary particle, such as an electron, in our universe would, if penetrated, reveal itself to be an entire closed universe.” Well, this article doesn’t support the idea of a hierarchy of universes. I believe there is one static megauniverse (one Cosmos) existing forever and made up of an infinite number of expanding subuniverses (more about this below). But I do believe – it stirs my blood! – in the “exquisite conjectures” of the universe (and the infinite Cosmos) behaving like an elementary particle, and of these two combining to form one unified field.

Part 2 - Now that you're convinced my article is not about genes at all, I'm going to introduce Charles Darwin, and I'll finally tell you what genes are truly capable of.

A megauniverse is hinted at by Einstein´s equations as well as cosmology´s Steady-State theory, which say the universe has always existed and will continue forever. Einstein spoke of a "static" universe (which accurately describes a megauniverse that has no limits in space and has always existed/will continue forever), but he thought of this local branch as static, and rightly called it his greatest mistake since the local universe is now known to have had a beginning and to be expanding. Each universe and its region of space-time is created from a big bang, but the megauniverse they belong to has no beginning and no end. And it maintains its average density through continuous "creation" (actually, recycling) of matter via the small amount from a preceding universe which is used to initiate expansion of its successor. This steady-state, or static, megauniverse would have its tendency to collapse (from, according to the viewpoint that only one time exists at any instant, ever-increasing gravitational attraction) always exactly balanced by, again from the viewpoint that all times cannot exist at once, the ever-increasing expansion of the universes it contains. The notion that contained universes that are forever expanding would somehow "burst" a static, steady-state megauniverse mistakenly assumes the megauniverse possesses a finite size; and it also reverts to our everyday experience that only one time exists at any instant (forgetting that all times exist and the megauniverse therefore accommodates not just some, but all, extents of expansion). Expanding subuniverses reminds me of the claim by Paul J. Steinhardt of Princeton University and Neil Turok of Cambridge University that the Big Bang which created our universe was triggered by a collision between our cosmic brane (or membrane) and a neighboring one. The only essential difference between our hypotheses is that I believe collisions between neighbouring universes are the result, not the cause, of big bangs. We can regard the cosmic hologram (see ^ after next paragraph) and the megauniverse as examples of invariance (the quality of not changing) and the hologram´s relativistic property of appearing different from differing vantage points as represented by the expanding universes with their big bangs.

Every bit of space/instant of time exists forever like an individual frame of a movie (when these are displayed in rapid succession, what we call motion comes into being) – therefore, things are happening when we visit any point in the past or future. Let’s consider ordinary, visible light and that vacuum it travels through: space. Quantum particles like the photons which compose light are not separate from space itself. The universe would not merely be a vast collection of the countless photons, electrons and other quantum particles within it, but would be a unified whole that has particles and waves built into it, just as a computerised hologram^ would have seemingly separate points built into its union of digital zeros and ones. It’s necessary to suggest how this unified whole could appear to us as an infinity of different and separate entities (not only in space but also in time). If light and space were unified in a digitised hologram, the apparent velocities of light and space's expansion would differ because light would be a subroutine embedded in the main space program (speaking of circulation, travel, expansion or velocity would simply be a convenience, like talking of the sun rising and setting).

^ The lasers generating this hologram would have to be combined with a "randomness factor" - which could also be referred to as a "mutation factor" - so you and I would not merely possess a rigidly preprogrammed life in the universal hologram, but would be capable of a degree of free will. (In computer art, randomness is introduced into the chain of repetitive calculations producing a mountain range so a convincingly rugged image will result.) I´d like to suggest that Charles Darwin´s evolution has far greater consequences than either he or any scientist has realized. I believe the theory is not limited to biology, but is absolutely fundamental to the very existence of our universe and everything in it i.e. to cosmology, space-time, physics, mathematics, etc. In a vital way, Darwin’s ideas even go beyond Albert Einstein´s ideas since these paragraphs conclude that a "mutation factor" (a "randomness factor") is fundamental to the universe. Nothing was known of mutation in Darwin's day - he referred to "natural selection" when he published "On the Origin of Species" in 1859. But his ideas were expanded by later researchers such as Gregor Mendel - who discovered the laws of heredity and reported his experiments in 1866 - and Hugo de Vries, author of "The Mutation Theory" in 1900-1903. In other words, Einstein was wrong when he said "God does not play dice with the universe" (he believed there could be no randomness, or mutation, in the fabric of space-time).

When future civilisation acquires the technology to manipulate the unification and zero separation of all space-time (resulting in carriers of human genes producing unimaginable revolutions in travel within outer space and on Earth, as well as what science-fiction fans term time travel); everyone who has long since died could have the mind downloaded into a reproduction of the body and be resurrected into a world where that mind can use ESP or directly influence seemingly separate genetic or nongenetic matter, and where world and domestic peace is normal since nobody can attack anyone in any way without knowing they're attacking themself.

Part 3 - Return to the title and the question "what could a gene possibly be?"

What kind of technology could manipulate the unification and zero separation of all space-time? Morpho butterflies create colour by selectively adding and deleting certain wavelengths of light. Physicists have only recently devised comparable materials, called photonic band-gap crystals; and are now exploring their use in phone switches, solar cells and antennas. No surprise, then, that some engineers are looking to the living world for the next generation of optic inspirations. I believe advances in engineering and bi