ANIMALIA - Edition 1 by Carien Marais | Alwyn P. Marais - HTML preview

MILITARY DOGS

 

Partners in combat: Power,

 

precision, and loyalty in

 

action

By Alwyn P. Marais

In the shadowed valleys of Afghanistan’s Helmand Province, where dust swirls like smoke from an unseen

fire, a Belgian Malinois named Cairo moves ahead of his U.S. Navy SEAL handler. The year is 2011, and the

mission is the raid on Osama bin Laden’s compound in Abbottabad, Pakistan. Cairo’s nose, capable of detecting

explosives at concentrations as low as parts per trillion, clears rooms faster than any human could with a handheld detector. His presence allows the team to advance with confidence, knowing that hidden threats—

 

T improvised explosive devices (IEDs) buried in the earth or wired into doorframes—will not go unnoticed. his is not a story of a single dog but of a global German Shepherd, Dutch Shepherd, or Belgian Malinois—can

partnership: from the frozen tundras of Norway run at 40 kilometers per hour, leap over obstacles two meters

to the humid jungles of Colombia, military high, and bite with a force of 1,400 newtons, enough to crush

working dogs and their handlers form a tandem bone. Yet brute strength is only the beginning. Their olfactory

that multiplies combat efficiency in ways no system contains up to 300 million scent receptors, compared

technology has yet replicated. The power of these animals to a human’s six million, enabling them to discriminate

lies first in their physiology. A typical military dog—usually a between thousands of odor molecules in real time. In Iraq,

 

Photo Credit: AP Photo -/ Kirsty Wigglesworth

Photo Credit: US Military

between 2003 and 2011, the U.S. military credited dogs with Loyalty, the intangible force, binds the partnership. Dogs detecting over 12,000 IEDs, preventing an estimated 3,000 do not calculate risk; they act on instinct honed by trust. In casualties. In Mali, French forces deployed Malinois teams 2018, during Operation Inherent Resolve, a U.S. Marine Corps to screen convoys along the Gao–Ménaka road, reducing dog named Lucca completed over 400 patrols in Iraq and ambush losses by 60 percent in 2019 alone. These statistics Afghanistan without a single civilian casualty caused by her are not anomalies; they reflect a consistent pattern across alerts. On her final mission, she located an IED but triggered theaters where terrain, climate, and enemy tactics vary wildly. a secondary device, losing her left leg. Her handler, Corporal Precision, the second pillar, emerges from rigorous training Juan Rodriguez, carried her two kilometers to the medevac and the unbreakable bond between dog and handler. helicopter. Lucca retired to California, awarded the Dickin Puppies enter programs as early as eight weeks old, selected Medal—the animal equivalent of the Victoria Cross. Similar for drive, focus, and resilience. In the Netherlands, the stories echo globally: in India, a Labrador named Misa saved Royal Netherlands Air Force runs a 14-week basic course at 14 soldiers during the 2020 Galwan Valley clash by detecting Woensdrecht Air Base, followed by specialized modules in Chinese incursions; in Israel, an Oketz Unit dog named Django explosives detection, patrol, or search-and-rescue. absorbed shrapnel meant for his handler during a Gaza tunnel

operation in 2021. These acts are not programmed; they are

Handlers—often soldiers who have already proven themselves the product of a relationship where the dog views the handler in combat—spend up to six months learning to read micro- as pack leader and the handler views the dog as a sentient expressions in their dogs: a slight ear twitch, a freeze in gait, extension of his own senses.

the angle of a tail. This communication is bidirectional. In

Colombia’s Caquetá region, where FARC dissidents plant anti- The contribution to military efficiency is quantifiable across personnel mines in dense rainforest, a handler’s whispered four domains: force protection, intelligence collection, “Busca” (search) sends the dog forward, but the dog’s alert—a psychological operations, and logistics. In force protection, sit or a stare—dictates the patrol’s next move. The result is a dogs reduce the need for large cordon-and-search teams, decision loop measured in seconds, not minutes, and with an allowing smaller units to cover more ground. A single dog-accuracy rate that electronic sensors still struggle to match in handler pair can screen a kilometer of road in 20 minutes— humid, root-tangled environments. work that would require a squad of 12 soldiers with metal

Photo Credit: Adobe Stock

 

detectors and two hours. In intelligence, dogs locate cache Foreign Legion handler stationed in the Sahel: “My dog does

sites that satellite imagery misses; in Ukraine’s Donbas, not replace technology; he makes technology possible.” From

Belgian Malinois teams attached to the 92nd Mechanized the Arctic patrols of Norwegian Border Guard shepherds to

Brigade uncovered Russian ammunition depots hidden in the anti-poaching missions of South African trackers, the

civilian basements, enabling precision artillery strikes that message is the same. Power, precision, and loyalty remain the

destroyed millions of dollars in materiel. Psychologically, the triad that no battlefield innovation has yet surpassed.

mere presence of a military dog deters loitering and suicide

attacks—insurgents know that a dog will detect explosives

long before a checkpoint guard sees a bulge beneath clothing.

Finally, in logistics, dogs lighten the load: one Malinois

replaces multiple electronic detection systems, each weighing

15 kilograms and requiring batteries that fail in extreme cold.

Yet the partnership is not without cost. Dogs suffer from post-

traumatic stress, heat exhaustion, and blast-wave injuries

to lungs and ears. Handlers grieve when their partners are

killed—often more acutely than for human comrades, because

the bond defies rank or species. Retirement programs vary:

the U.S. Military Working Dog Program adopts out 90 percent

of its retirees to former handlers; in contrast, some nations

euthanize dogs deemed unadoptable, a practice increasingly

criticized. In 2023, Belgium became the first NATO member to

mandate lifetime care for all military dogs, setting a precedent

that Germany and Canada are now studying.

As warfare evolves—drones, cyber, hypersonics—the role

of the military dog endures. No algorithm can replicate the

Photo Credit: U.S. Army fusion of scent, instinct, and loyalty that allows a 35-kilogram Photo Credit: Adobe Stock

animal to turn the tide in a firefight. In the words of a French Ostrich is the new Beef! Footprint Network, producing one kilogram of ostrich meat

 

Ostrich farming: A model of requires approximately 1,200 liters of water—less than a thirtieth of the 15,400 liters needed for the same amount

of beef. This low water footprint makes ostrich farming

particularly viable in drought-prone regions like South Africa’s

 

low-impact, high-efficiency Karoo, where water scarcity is a constant challenge. Feed efficiency further underscores the sustainability of

ostrich production. Ostriches achieve a feed conversion ratio

 

protein production of about 2.5:1—meaning 2.5 kilograms of feed produce 1 kilogram of live weight—surpassing broiler chickens and

dramatically outperforming beef cattle, which require 6 to 10

kilograms of feed per kilogram of gain. Up to 70 percent of an

ostrich’s diet can consist of roughage such as lucerne, grass,

By Carien Marais pellets. Moreover, ostriches are rarely treated with routine or native shrubs, with only 30 percent needing concentrated

antibiotics or growth hormones, thanks to their robust natural

Ostrich farming has emerged as one of the most sustainable livestock systems in the world, producing high- immunity, reducing the risk of antimicrobial resistance and quality protein with a fraction of the environmental impact associated with traditional meat sources like beef, chemical runoff into ecosystems. One of the most compelling

 

U pork, or chicken. aspects of ostrich farming is its near-zero methane emissions. As non-ruminants, ostriches do not produce significant

nlike cattle, which require vast expanses of overlooked by other livestock. This selective diet prevents amounts of methane during digestion, unlike cattle, which land for grazing, ostriches thrive in semi-arid soil compaction, reduces erosion, and allows the land to be release 70 to 120 kilograms of this potent greenhouse gas environments on remarkably little space. A used for mixed purposes, including wildlife conservation and per animal annually. Their hindgut fermentation process single hectare can sustainably support 80 crop rotation. Water conservation is another area where generates minimal methane, aligning ostrich meat production to 100 ostriches compared to the 10 to 20 ostrich farming shines. An adult ostrich consumes only 2 to with global goals to reduce agricultural carbon emissions. A

hectares needed for just one beef animal. This efficiency 4 liters of water per day, even in temperatures exceeding 2024 lifecycle analysis by the Ostrich Business Chamber of stems from the ostrich’s natural browsing behavior; rather 40°C, thanks to highly efficient kidneys that minimize water South Africa reported a carbon footprint of just 2.9 kilograms than grazing grass down to the root like cattle, ostriches loss through concentrated urine. In contrast, a single beef of CO₂ equivalent per kilogram of ostrich meat—compared to feed on shrubs, succulents, and forbs—plants that are often cow may drink 40 to 100 liters daily. According to the Water 27 kilograms for beef, 7 kilograms for pork, and 6 kilograms

for chicken.

Perhaps the most remarkable feature of ostrich farming is

its zero-waste model. Every part of the bird is utilized: the

muscle meat becomes premium, low-fat, hypoallergenic

protein (as seen in SOLNACKS treats); the skin yields durable,

high-value leather (one hide covers 1.5 square meters and

is stronger than cowhide); feathers are transformed into

dusters, fashion accessories, or bedding; fat is rendered into

cosmetics and joint supplements; bones and offal become exclusion of wildlife, ostrich camps integrate seamlessly with

pet food, collagen, or fertilizer; and even eggshells are ground native species. Springbok, meerkats, and birds of prey often

into calcium powder or used in crafts. This comprehensive share the landscape, as ostriches neither jump fences nor dig

utilization eliminates the need for rendering plants or landfill under them. Perimeter fencing is sufficient, reducing habitat

disposal, creating a truly circular economy. On the land fragmentation. In some regions, ostrich farms double as eco-

itself, ostrich farming supports regeneration rather than tourism destinations, generating additional income while

degradation. Farms employ rotational grazing to prevent educating visitors about sustainable agriculture.

overgrazing, allowing perennial grasses and shrubs to recover

between cycles. Ostrich manure is dry, pelletized, and low in In essence, ostrich farming is not merely sustainable—it

odor, making it an ideal compost material with minimal risk of is regenerative. It delivers lean, iron-rich, allergen-friendly

nutrient runoff or water contamination. In the Karoo, where protein using a fraction of the land, water, and feed required by

overgrazing by cattle has historically led to desertification, conventional livestock, while producing virtually no methane

introducing ostriches has reversed soil degradation by giving and leaving no waste behind. For environmentally conscious

the veld time to heal. Many farms now report increased consumers—and for dogs enjoying treats like SOLNACKS—

plant diversity and improved soil carbon storage—effectively every bite of ostrich represents a meaningful step toward a

turning protein production into a form of land restoration. lighter planetary footprint, proving that responsible protein

Photo Credit: Alwyn P. Marais Ostrich farming also harmonizes with biodiversity. Unlike production can be both innovative and deeply rooted in

intensive poultry or pig operations that require complete ecological wisdom.

ingredient list, as these offer little nutritional value and can

contribute to allergies or digestive issues in sensitive pets.

Essential nutrients like taurine (crucial for cats), omega fatty

acids, and a balance of vitamins and minerals should also be

present to support overall health.

Evaluate Ingredient Quality

Not all proteins are created equal. The quality of ingredients

directly impacts your pet’s ability to digest and absorb

nutrients. Opt for foods that use whole, named protein

sources (e.g., “ostrich” or “lamb” rather than vague terms

like “meat meal” or “poultry by-products”). High-quality dry

 

colors, and excessive fillers, which can harm long-term health. amino acids and nutrients to support muscle maintenance, Novel proteins like ostrich and lamb are particularly beneficial foods avoid artificial preservatives (like BHA or BHT), artificial for pets with sensitive stomachs. They also provide essential

skin health, and a shiny coat, regardless of life stage.

for pets with food sensitivities or allergies, as they are less

 

are also highly digestible, ensuring your pet gets maximum brands that adhere to high manufacturing practices, such as nutrition from every bite. those approved by the Association of American Feed Control Officials (AAFCO), which ensures the food meets nutritional reducing the likelihood of allergic reactions. These proteins The pet food industry is regulated, but standards vary. Choose commonly used in pet foods compared to chicken or beef, Check for Manufacturing Standards

Consider Your Pet’s Life Stage and Health Needs standards for your pet’s life stage. Reputable brands are

Puppies and kittens require higher levels of protein and fat transparent about their sourcing and production processes,

to support growth, while adult pets need balanced nutrition often providing details on their websites or packaging. Foods

to maintain energy and health. Senior pets may benefit from made in facilities with rigorous quality control are less likely

foods with joint-supporting ingredients like glucosamine or to be affected by recalls or contamination. lower calorie content to prevent weight gain. If your pet has

specific health concerns—such as skin allergies, digestive Balance Cost and Quality

SOLNACKS - Understanding your pet’s nutritional needs issues, or weight management—look for formulas tailored to While it’s tempting to opt for budget-friendly options, cheap

 

Choosing the best dry pet those needs. For example, ostrich and lamb are lean proteins pet foods often cut corners with low-quality ingredients or

that are easier on the digestive system, making them ideal excessive fillers, which can lead to health issues over time.

 

food for your dog or cat can

 

be a challenge!

By Carien Marais

As pet owners, we want the best for our furry companions, and nutrition is at the heart of their health

and happiness. With countless dry pet food options lining store shelves, choosing the right one can feel

overwhelming. Dogs and cats have unique dietary needs, and selecting a high-quality dry food tailored to

those needs can make a world of difference in their vitality, coat health, and longevity. This article will guide

you through the key factors to consider when choosing dry pet food and explain why ostrich and lamb-based

 

D formulas stand out as the top choice for your pet’s well-being.

ogs and cats are carnivores by nature, though derived proteins and fats, with minimal carbohydrates. When their specific requirements differ. Dogs are evaluating dry pet food, prioritize formulas that align with omnivorous carnivores, thriving on a diet rich these biological needs. Look for a food that lists a high-quality

 

carnivores, require a diet predominantly composed of animal-select plant-based ingredients. Cats, as obligate fish, or, as we’ll discuss later, ostrich or lamb. Avoid products Photo Credit: Vlada Karpovich / Pexels in animal proteins but also benefiting from animal protein as the first ingredient, such as chicken, beef, where grains or fillers like corn, wheat, or soy dominate the

pet foods often cut corners with low-quality ingredients or

excessive fillers, which can lead to health issues over time.

Investing in a premium dry food may cost more upfront but

can save you money on vet bills by promoting better health.

Ostrich and lamb-based foods, while sometimes pricier due

to their novel protein status, offer exceptional value through

their digestibility and health benefits, reducing the risk of

costly conditions like allergies or obesity.

The Case for Ostrich and Lamb Dry Pet Food

After considering the key factors—nutritional alignment,

ingredient quality, life stage appropriateness, manufacturing

standards, and cost—one type of dry pet food rises above the

rest: ostrich and lamb formulas. Here’s why this combination

is the best choice for your dog or cat.

1. Novel Proteins for Allergy-Prone Pets

Ostrich and lamb are considered hypoallergenic proteins

because they are less likely to trigger food sensitivities

compared to common proteins like chicken or beef. Many

pets develop allergies to frequently used proteins over

time, leading to symptoms like itching, ear infections, or

gastrointestinal upset. Ostrich and lamb provide a fresh

protein source, reducing the risk of allergic reactions and

making them ideal for pets with sensitive skin or stomachs. Photo Credit: Cottonbro / Pexels

2. High Digestibility for Optimal Nutrition Making the Switch

 

that allow your pet to absorb nutrients efficiently. Ostrich, mixing a small amount of the new food with your pet’s current in particular, is low in fat and rich in iron, supporting energy food, slowly increasing the proportion. Monitor your pet for levels and muscle health without contributing to weight gain. Both ostrich and lamb are lean, highly digestible proteins gradually over 7–10 days to avoid digestive upset. Start by When transitioning to an ostrich and lamb dry food, do so Lamb provides essential amino acids and is a rich source of are often noticeable within weeks of switching to a high-improvements in energy, coat condition, and digestion, which

zinc, which promotes skin and coat health. This combination quality formula. ensures your pet gets maximum nutrition without the

 

of omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids, which support healthy and your budget. After evaluating the options, ostrich and lamb dry pet food emerges as the superior choice, offering skin, a glossy coat, and cognitive function. These formulas unmatched benefits for pets of all ages and health conditions. typically include high-quality carbohydrates like sweet Its hypoallergenic properties, high digestibility, and nutrient-potatoes or peas, which provide energy without spiking blood rich profile make it a standout option for promoting vibrant sugar, making them suitable for growing puppies and kittens, health, from a shiny coat to a strong immune system. By active adults, and even seniors with slower metabolisms. 3. Balanced Nutrients for All Life Stages Choosing the best dry pet food requires careful consideration of your dog or cat’s nutritional needs, ingredient quality, Ostrich and lamb dry foods are often formulated with a balance digestive strain caused by lower-quality ingredients. Conclusion

choosing ostrich and lamb, you’re giving your pet the gift of

 

Many brands offering ostrich and lamb pet foods prioritize y sustainable sourcing, as these proteins are often derived from aba regions with environmentally conscious farming practices. For 4. Sustainable and Ethical Sourcing nutrition that supports a long, happy, and healthy life.ix

pet owners who value ethical production, this adds an extra e / P layer of appeal. üc

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5. Palatability for Picky Eaters er Cats and dogs can be notoriously picky, but the rich, savory luer S flavor of ostrich and lamb is highly appealing to even the t: U

 

receiving top-tier nutrition. to CrediPho fussiest eaters. This ensures your pet enjoys their meals while