Hummingbirds: Those who Hover

Hummingbirds are tiny, energetic birds known for their ability to float in mid-air. Found primarily in the Americas, they have specialized flight abilities and high metabolism to fuel their rapid movements.

Anatomy:

Hummingbirds are characterized by their small size, and iridescent feathers. Their wings are able to rotate 180 degrees,allowing them to hover in place. Their powerful flight muscles account for a large portion of their body weight. Their long, slender bills are designed for feeding on nectar.. Hummingbirds beat their hearts at over 1,200 times per minute.

Evolution:

Hummingbird-like fossils (such as Patagonas Gigas) have been found dating from 28-34 million years ago. Over time, their wings displayed adaptations for the figure-eight motion. Their especially long tongues evolved for extracting nectar, a trait that also helps them pollinate plants. Their high metabolism, a product of their rapid wing beats and energetic flight, developed to support the enormous energy demand. 

Interesting Facts

1. Hummingbirds can fly forwards, backwards, and even upside down.
2. Some species migrate up to 2,000 miles, crossing entire mountain ranges or bodies of water in one flight.
3. Despite their size, hummingbirds can consume up to twice their body weight in food each day to sustain their energy levels.