Handbook of Vermicomposting by E.SREENIVASAN - HTML preview

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CONTENTS

 

Preface

List of Tables

List of Figures

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION 

CHAPTER 2: EARTHWORMS

Distribution

Factors affecting distribution

●Temperature

●PH

●Organic matter                                                                                              

●Organic matter                                                                                              

●Soil texture                                                                                                    

Classification

Basic Requirements

●Bedding

●Housing

Containers                                                                                                    

● Environmental conditions                                                                            

Nutrition of worms                                                                                        

Species 

Microbiology        

Reproduction  

Life cycle and Population                                                                               

Multiplication   

CHAPTER 3: TREATMENT WITH EARTHWORMS                                

●Earthworms for bioconversion                                                                   

●Fragmentation and Breakdown                                                                  

●Consumption and Humification                                                                 

●Nitrogen mineralization                                                                              

●Effects on the C/N ratio                                                                              

CHAPTER 4: VERMITECHNOLOGY IN WASTE MANAGENT  

Feeds for Vermitech Systems                                                                        

●Animal manures                                                                                          

● Kitchen&Urban wastes          

●Paper pulp& Cardboard solids                                                                   

●Compost&Waste products                                                                         

●Industrial wastes                                                                                        

Other Applications                                                                                       

●Aquaculture                                                                                               

●Vermifilter                                                                                                 

CHAPTER 5: VERMICOMPOSTING: BASIC PROCESS                       

●Initial pre-composting phase                                                                     

●Mesophilic phase                                                                                       

●Maturing and stabilization phase                                                               

Mechanism of Earthworm action                                                                 

CHAPTER 6: VERMCOMPOSTING SYSTEMS                                      

●Windrow                                                                                                    

●Wedge                                                                                                        

●Container                                                                                                    

a. Pits, Tanks and Cement rings                                                         

b. Commercial model                                                                         

c. Beds/bins                                                                                        

●Continuous Flow Systems                                                                         

CHAPTER 7: PROCESSING: TIME&ACCELERATION                        

Maturity and Stability                                                                                  

Composting and Vermicomposting-A comparison                                      

Process Acceleration                                                                                    

CHAPTER 8: TROUBLE SHOOTING                                                       

●Temperature                                                                                               

●Aeration                                                                                                      

●Acidity (pH)                                                                                               

●Pests and Diseases                                                                                      

●Odour Problems                                                                                         

CHAPTER 9: SEPARATION TECHNIQUES                                            

●Light Separation        

●Sideways Separation                                                                                  

●Vertical Separation

●Gradual Transfer    

Harvesting Earthworms

Characteristics of Vermicompost

Packing and Storage

CHAPTER 10: VERMICOMPOST: QUANTITY & APPLICATION

The Value of Vermicompost   

●Rich in humic acids and Enzymes         

●Free of pathogens and toxic chemicals

●Plant nutrient level

●Beneficial microorganisms 

●Stimulate plant growth        

●Suppress disease      

●Repel pests          

CHAPTER 11: BY-PRODUCTS AND VALUE-ADDED PRODUCTS

●Vermiwash

●Vermicompost Tea or Liquid Vermicompost       

●Vermimeal   

●Enriched Vermicompost

●Pelleted Vermicompost          

CHAPTER 12: VERMICOMPOST: CUSTOMER- FEEDBACKS AND FIELD EVALUATION        

● Organic farming using vermicompost in India

● Field cultivation of vegetables using vermicompost in WIP 

CHAPTER 13: FUTURE PROSPECTS

CHAPTER14: COMMERCIAL VERMICOMPOST UNIT-REQUIREMENTS

CHAPTER 15: CONCLUSION   

REFERENCES        

 

LIST OF TABLES

 

 

No.

 

Title

 

1

Agro-industrial organic wastes for vermi- composting

 

2

 

Taxonomic classification of Eisenia fetida

3

 

List of some earthworm species suitable for vermicomposting

 

 

4

Comparison of Life cycle and Growth of Different Earthworm Species

 

 

5

The steps involved in the process of vermicomposting

 

 

6

Chemical Composition of  Vermicompost

 

 

7

 

Recommended quantity and time of application of vermicompost in some crops

 

 

 

LIST OF FIGURES

 

 

No.

 

Title

1

Agro-industrial wastes for vermicomposting

2

Earthworms

3

Common species of  Earthworms for vermicomposting

4

Earthworms: Copulation

5

Earthworms: Cocoons

6

Vermicomposting windrows

7

Vermicomposting tanks made of ordinary bricks in a semi-commercial unit

8

Cement rings used as Vermicomposting tanks

9

A view of a semi-commercial vermicomposting unit

10

Sample of commercially available EM solution

11

Common pests of vermibeds

12

Screening and separation operation

13

Vermicompost: Packing Operations and a Sample packet of 1Kg

14

Vermiwash-concentrated and diluted

15

Vermiwash collection

16

Vermicompost: Pellets

17

Field cultivation of vegetables using Vermicompost

18

Inauguration of Vegetable -harvest by Late Mr.P.K.Mohamed, Former Managing Director, WIP

19

Best Institution Award in the District for the Vegetable Development Project received by WIP, from Mr.K.P.Mohanan, Minister of Agriculture, Govt.of Kerala

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