The greatest length or breadth of a full grown inhabitant of Flatland may be estimated at
about eleven of your inches. Twelve inches may be regarded as a maximum.
Our Women are Straight Lines.
Our Soldiers and Lowest Classes of Workmen are Triangles with two equal sides, each
about eleven inches long, and a base or third side so short (often not exceeding half an
inch) that they form at their vertices a very sharp and formidable angle. Indeed when their
bases are of the most degraded type (not more than the eighth part of an inch in size),
they can hardly be distinguished from Straight Lines or Women; so extremely pointed are
their vertices. With us, as with you, these Triangles are distinguished from others by
being called Isosceles; and by this name I shall refer to them in the following pages.
Our Middle Class consists of Equilateral or Equal-Sided Triangles.
Our Professional Men and Gentlemen are Squares (to which class I myself belong) and
Five-Sided Figures or Pentagons.
Next above these come the Nobility, of whom there are several degrees, beginning at Six-
Sided Figures, or Hexagons, and from thence rising in the number of their sides till they
receive the honourable title of Polygonal, or many-sided. Finally when the number of the
sides becomes so numerous, and the sides themselves so small, that the figure cannot be
distinguished from a circle, he is included in the Circular or Priestly order; and this is the
highest class of all.
It is a Law of Nature with us that a male child shall have one more side than his father, so
that each generation shall rise (as a rule) one step in the scale of development and
nobility. Thus the son of a Square is a Pentagon; the son of a Pentagon, a Hexagon; and
so on.
But this rule applies not always to the Tradesmen, and still less often to the Soldiers, and
to the Workmen; who indeed can hardly be said to deserve the name of human Figures,
since they have not all their sides equal. With them therefore the Law of Nature does not
hold; and the son of an Isosceles (i.e. a Triangle with two sides equal) remains Isosceles
still. Nevertheless, all hope is not shut out, even from the Isosceles, that his posterity may
ultimately rise above his degraded condition. For, after a long series of military
successes, or diligent and skilful labours, it is generally found that the more intelligent
among the Artisan and Soldier classes manifest a slight increase of their third side or
base, and a shrinkage of the two other sides. Intermarriages (arranged by the Priests)
between the sons and daughters of these more intellectual members of the lower classes
generally result in an offspring approximating still more to the type of the Equal-Sided
Triangle.
